Microbit JavaScript
Advanced
60 mins
Teacher/Student led
305 points
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JavaScript Conditional Statements

This step-by-step lesson will guide you through understanding and using JavaScript conditional statements. You'll learn about 'if', 'else if', and 'else' statements, how to test multiple conditions, and how to write your own conditional statements. Practical examples and exercises are included to reinforce your learning.
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    1 - What are Conditional Statements?

    Conditional statements are statements that test a condition or conditions to see if they are true or false. They are commonly known as if-then or if-then-else statements.

    If the conditions are true then the code will perform a certain action, else if they are false the code will perform a different action. Conditional statements are often used with operators to test the conditions.

    In JavaScript there are the following types of conditional statements:

    Type Description
    if
    For testing a condition (or conditions) and running a piece of a code if the condition is true.
    else if
    For testing other conditions and running a piece of code if the previous conditions are false (not true).
    else
    For running a piece of code if all the previous conditions are false (not true).
    Note that JavaScript conditional statements must be written in lowercase.
    if is correct
    If is not correct
    IF is not correct

    2 - The 'if' statement

    The if statement tests if a condition or conditions are true and runs a specific piece of code if they are true.

    For example the following if statement tests if the person's age is less than 18 and if that condition is true, then it runs some code to set the price of the ticket for the movie.

    if (personAge < 18){
        price = 5.99
    }

    3 - Multiple conditions

    Now let's check 2 conditions in an if statement. As well as checking the person's age, we are also going to check that they're old enough to watch the movie.

    if (personAge < 18 && personAge >= movieMinimumAge){
        price = 5.99
        canWatchMovie = true
    }
    && is the AND operator
    || is the OR operator

    4 - The 'else if 'statement

    If we want to run different pieces of code depending on which conditions are true then we use else if statements.

    In the following example we have added an else if statement to check if the person's age is greater than or equal to 18.

    if (personAge < 18 && personAge >= movieMinimumAge){
        price = 5.99
        canWatchMovie = true
    } else if (personAge >= 18){
        price = 7.99
        canWatchMovie = true
    }

    5 - The 'else' statement

    The else statement is used if we want to run a different piece of code if all the above if and else if statements are false.

    In the following example we have added an else statement to run code to prevent the person from buying the movie ticket as they are under 18 and not older than the minimum age for the movie.

    if (personAge < 18 && personAge >= movieMinimumAge){
        price = 5.99
        canWatchMovie = true
    }else if (personAge >= 18){
        price = 7.99
        canWatchMovie = true
    }else{
        canWatchMovie = false
    }

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