Beginner
60 mins
Teacher/Student led
+80 XP
Pupils work through this independently

Common File Types and Formats

Recognise common file extensions including docx, pdf, jpg, png, mp3, mp4, xlsx, pptx and zip. Match each file type to its typical purpose and the application that opens it, and explain when PDF is useful for finished work.

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    1 - Introduction ~5 mins

    Today you will

    • learn to read the letters after the dot in a filename
    • match each file type to the app that opens it
    • make a file-type sheet for your portfolio

    Warm-up

    Look at this filename: {{code:work_experience_report_final.pdf}}. What kind of file do you think it is? Would you edit it, or would you mainly read it and send it?

    2 - Key Concepts ~10 mins

    A file extension is the letters after the last dot in a filename. It tells the computer which app opens the file.

    You can edit a .docx file. A .pdf file keeps its layout fixed, so use it for finished work.

    If you open a file in the wrong app, you get nonsense or a blank window. The file is fine.

    A .zip file is one package that holds several files.

    Example: {{code:placement_hours.xlsx}} opens in Excel Online or Google Sheets.

    Use this card for the rest of the lesson.

    ExtensionJobOpen with
    {{code:.docx}}Draft and edit textWord Online or Google Docs
    {{code:.pdf}}Finished work to read and sendBrowser or PDF reader
    {{code:.xlsx}}Budget, tracker, tallyExcel Online or Google Sheets
    {{code:.pptx}}Slide deck or pitchPowerPoint Online, Google Slides or Canva
    {{code:.jpg}} / {{code:.png}}Photo (jpg) or sharp logo, often with a clear background (png)Photos, Preview, browser or image editor
    {{code:.mp3}} / {{code:.mp4}}Audio only (mp3) or video (mp4)Media player
    {{code:.zip}}Package of several filesExtract first, then open the files inside

    3 - Which App Opens This File? ~12 mins

    We will do this one together as a class. Read the letters after the dot before you decide, because the name alone can trick you. If you get stuck, look back at the quick-reference card.

    Which app opens this file?

    4 - Common Issues ~3 mins

    Common snags

    • I can't see the extensions. On Windows, open File Explorer, click {{menu:View}} and tick File name extensions.
    • I see nonsense text or a blank window. The wrong app opened the file. Close it and open it with the right app.
    • My zip file won't open like a folder. Right-click it and choose {{btn:Extract All}} first.

    5 - Portfolio Build ~20 mins

    Independent Practice

    Your goal: Make a table that names the type and app for ten files.
    Time: ~20 minutes
    Task: Watch your teacher open the folder first, then:
    1. Open {{code:Project_Portfolio}}, then {{code:01_brief}}. If {{code:01_brief}} is missing, create it first.
    2. Make a new blank document and rename it {{code:01_file_type_recognition}}.
    3. Insert a table with 3 columns and 11 rows. Type the headings Filename, Type and Open with.
    4. Copy the ten filenames below into the first column. Fill in the rest using the quick-reference card.
    5. Under the table, write one sentence saying which format you'll use to send finished Something Real work, and why.
    Success criteria:
    • My document is saved in {{code:01_brief}} with the exact name.
    • All ten filenames have a type and an app.
    • My PDF row says it's for finished work.
    • My last sentence names a format and gives a reason.

    Ten filenames

    1. {{code:work_exp_timesheet.xlsx}}
    2. {{code:menu_specials.png}}
    3. {{code:supervisor_letter.pdf}}
    4. {{code:team_huddle.mp4}}
    5. {{code:receipts_pack.zip}}
    6. {{code:apprenticeship_notes.docx}}
    7. {{code:first_week_costs.xlsx}}
    8. {{code:client_pitch.pptx}}
    9. {{code:counter_photo.jpg}}
    10. {{code:meeting_audio.mp3}}
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